CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2022-23 (PDF Download)

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2022-23

THEORY

Time: 3 Hours
70 Marks

S.No.

Title

No. of Periods

Marks

1

Solutions

15

7

2

Electrochemistry

18

9

3

Chemical Kinetics

15

7

4

d -and f -Block Elements

18

7

5

Coordination Compounds

18

7

6

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

15

6

7

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

14

6

8

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

15

8

9

Amines

14

6

10

Biomolecules

18

7

 

Total

160

70

Unit II: Solutions – 15 Periods

Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Raoult’s law, colligative properties – relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van’t Hoff factor.

Unit III: Electrochemistry – 18 Periods

Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.

Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics – 15 Periods

Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.

Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements – 18 Periods

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first-row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.

Lanthanoids –

Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.

Actinoids –

Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.

Unit IX: Coordination Compounds – 18 Periods

Coordination compounds – Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, the importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).

Unit X:  Haloalkanes and Haloarenes – 15 Periods

Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation mechanism of substitution reactions.

Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only). Uses and environmental effects of – dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.

Unit XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers – 14 Periods

Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.

Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.

Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.

Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids – 15 Periods

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses.

Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.

Unit XIII: Amines – 14 Periods

Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.

Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.

Unit XIV: Biomolecules – 18 Periods

Carbohydrates – Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.

Proteins –Elementary idea of – amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins – primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones – Elementary idea excluding structure.

Vitamins – Classification and functions.

Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.

Note: The content indicated in NCERT textbooks as excluded for the year 2022-23 is not to be tested by schools.

 

PRACTICALS

3 HOURS/ 30 MARKS

Evaluation Scheme for Examination

Marks

Volumetric Analysis

08

Salt Analysis

08

Content Based Experiment

06

Project Work

04

Class record and viva

04

Total

30

 

PRACTICAL SYLLABUS – 60 Periods

Micro-chemical methods are available for several of practical experiments. Wherever possible, such techniques should be used.

  • Surface Chemistry
    • Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol Lyophilic sol – starch, egg albumin and gum Lyophobic sol – aluminium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, arsenous sulphide.
    • Dialysis of sol-prepared in (a)
    • Study of the role of emulsifying agents in stabilizing the emulsion of different
  • Chemical Kinetics
    • Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid.
    • Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:
    • Reaction of Iodide ion with Hydrogen Peroxide at room temperature using different concentrations of Iodide ions.
    • Reaction between Potassium Iodate, (KIO3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na2SO3) using starch solution as an indicator (clock reaction).

 

  • Thermochemistry

Any one of the following experiments

    • Enthalpy of dissolution of Copper Sulphate or Potassium
    • Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid (HCI) and strong base (NaOH).
    • Determination of enthaply change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation) between Acetone and Chloroform.
  • Electrochemistry

Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn2+|| Cu2+/Cu with change in concentration of electrolytes (CuSO4 or ZnSO4) at room temperature.

  • Chromatography
    • Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and determination of Rf values.
    • Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents having large difference in Rf values to be provided).
  • Preparation of Inorganic Compounds

Preparation of double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum. Preparation of Potassium Ferric Oxalate.

  • Preparation of Organic Compounds

Preparation of any one of the following compounds

i) Acetanilide ii) Di -benzalAcetone iii) p-Nitroacetanilide iv) Aniline yellow or 2 – Naphthol Anilinedye.

  • Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds:

Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (Primary) groups.

  • Characteristic tests of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure samples and their detection in given foodstuffs.
  • Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a standard solution of:
    • Oxalic acid,
    • Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate

(Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves).

  • Qualitative analysis

Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt

Cation:

Pb2+, Cu2+ As3+, Aℓ3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+

Anions:

(CO3)2-, S2-, (SO3)2-, (NO2)–, (SO4)2-, Cℓ–, Br–, I–, (PO4)3-, (C2O4)2-, CH3COO– , NO –

(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)

 

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources A few suggested Projects.

  • Study of the presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages of
  • Study the quantity of casein present in different samples of
  • Preparation of soybean milk and its comparison with natural milk with respect to curd formation, the effect of temperature, etc.
  • Study of the effect of Potassium Bisulphate as a food preservative under various conditions (temperature, concentration, time, etc.)
  • Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of pH and temperature on
  • Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of the following materials: wheat flour, gram flour, potato juice, carrot juice, etc.
  • Extraction of essential oils present in Saunf (aniseed), Ajwain (carum), Illaichi (cardamom).
  • Study of common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar, turmeric power, chilli powder and pepper.

Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the approval of the teacher.

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