Lesson at a Glance
1. Circle. A circle is the locus (path) of a point which moves such that its distance from a given point (called centre of the circle) is constant (called radius of the circle).
2. Equation of the circle having centre (h, k) and radius r is
3. Equation of the circle having centre (0, 0) and radius r is
4. Concentric circles. Circles having the same centre are
called concentric circles.
5. Area of circle = πr2, where r is the radius of the circle.
6. General form of the equation of the circle is
7. Parabola. A parabola is the locus (path) of a point which moves such that its distance from a given point (called focus of the parabola) is equal to its perpendicular distance from a given straight line not passing the focus (called directrix of the parabola).
8. Summary of the main facts about four parabolas in
standard form:
9. Ellipse
An ellipse is the locus of a point P (say) which moves such that the sum of its distances from two given points A and B (say) (called foci of the ellipse) is constant say K (called length of major axis of the ellipse) i.e., PA + PB = K.
10. Hyperbola
A hyperbola is the locus of a point P(say) which moves such that the difference of its distances from two given points A and B (say) (called foci of the hyperbola) is constant say K (called length of transverse axis of the hyperbola) i.e., | PA – PB | = K.
11. Summary of the main facts about two ellipses in standard form:
12. c2 = a2 – b2 for each of the two forms of the ellipse.
13, of the main facts about two hyperbolas in
standard form:
14. c2 = a2 + b2 for each of the two forms of the hyperbola.
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